Khadku waa isha wasakheynta ugu weyn ee warshadaha daabacaadda; Wax-soo-saarka khad sannadlaha ah ee adduunka ayaa gaadhay 3 milyan oo tan. Wasakhda wasakhda sanadlaha ah ee walxaha isbedbeddelka leh ee dabiiciga ah (VOC) ee uu keeno khad ayaa gaadhay boqollaal kun oo tan. Isbedbeddelladan organic waxay sameyn karaan saameyn aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo oo ka khatarsan kaarboon dioxide, iyo shucaaca iftiinka qoraxda waxay sameyn doonaan oksaydhyo iyo qiiqa photochemical, wasakhowga halista ah ee deegaanka jawiga, waxay saameeyaan caafimaadka dadka. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, ugu weynkhad ilaalinta deegaankawaxay leedahay noocyada soo socda:
1) Khad biyaha ku salaysan
Khadka biyaha ku salaysan wuxuu isticmaalaa biyaha halkii uu ka isticmaali lahaa dareeraha organic, kaas oo si weyn u yareynaya qiiqa VOC mana saameynayo caafimaadka aadanaha. Ma fududa in la gubo, khad xasilan, midab dhalaalaya, ma xoqin saxanka, hawlgalka fudud, qiimaha jaban, dhejinta wanaagsan ka dib daabacaadda, caabbinta biyaha xooggan, qallajinta degdega ah. Waa agab daabacaadda ilaalinta deegaanka la aqoonsan yahay.
2) Khad la daweyn karo UV
Khadka UV waxaa loola jeedaa isticmaalka iftiinka UV, oo leh hirar kala duwan iyo tamar hoos yimaada shucaaca UV si loo sameeyo daaweynta filimka khad. Isticmaalka tamarta spectral uv, khad-xidhaha ee polymerization of monomers galay polymers, Sidaa darteed filimka midabka UV wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin farsamo iyo kiimiko oo wanaagsan. Waqtigan xaadirka ah qalinka UV wuxuu noqday tignoolajiyada khad aad u bislaaday, qiiqa wasakhaysan waa mid aad u yar. Marka lagu daro dareere la'aan, khad UV ma fududa in lagu dhejiyo, dhibic cad, midab dhalaalaya, iska caabin kiimiko oo aad u fiican, isticmaalka, iyo faa'iidooyinka kale.
3) Khad ku salaysan soy
Khad-soy-ku-salaysan waxa laga sameeyaa saliid soybean ah oo la cuni karo (ama saliid kale oo qalalan ama qayb-qallalan) oo lagu qasay midabyo, xabagyo, shamacyo iyo wixii la mid ah. Khadkan kuma jiraan xeryahooda dabiiciga ah ee kacsan ee wasakheeya jawiga, ur aan lahayn, aan sun ahayn, waxa uu si tartiib tartiib ah u beddelayaa khad saliidda macdanta ah. Caannimadeeda iyo dalacsiinteeda aad bay ugu degdegaysaa Yurub, Japan iyo Maraykanka.
4) Khadka UV-ku-salaysan
Khadka UV ee biyaha ku salaysan ayaa ku jira khad UV ah oo lagu daray qadar biyo ah iyo 5%ilaalinta deegaankadareere, oo lagu daray xabagta biyaha ku salaysan ee gaarka ah. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa khadku ma aha oo kaliya inuu hayo faa'iidooyinka khad UV si degdeg ah, badbaadinta tamarta, raad yar, ilaalinta deegaanka, laakiin sidoo kale si loo gaaro daaweynta khadadka, isbeddelka qoyaanka, si loo baahan yahay khafiifinta lakabka khad shuruudaha daabacaadda. Khadkani waa jihada cilmi-baadhiseed ee cusub ee dhinaca khad UV.
5) Khad ku milma khamriga
Khadka-khamriga ku milma wuxuu ku salaysan yahay ethanol (khamriga) sida dareeraha ugu weyn, aan sun ahayn, badbaado leh, ilaalinta deegaanka, caafimaadka, waa bedelka ugu habboon ee alaabta khad caag ah oo dhaqameed. Koonfurta Kuuriya, Singapore, khad alkohol ah ayaa beddelay khad toluene ah. Khadka aalkolada ku milma ayaa inta badan door ka ciyaaraflexosidoo kale waa khad ku habboon deegaanka.
Waqtiga boostada: May-05-2022
